Editing Social Structural Theories of Voting
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− | + | This lecture was given in [[PS 240]] on 9/26 and continued on 9/29 briefly. | |
− | + | '''Possible Exam Questions''' | |
− | + | 1. List and describe the connections between voting and social predictors. | |
− | + | 2. Explain dealignment / realignment, and list three realigning elections in the United States. | |
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− | + | '''Lecture Material''' | |
− | + | We covered... | |
− | Social context | + | Social context - Origins of our beliefs, etc. - instilled in us - our attitudes and the attitudes of others. |
− | + | Politics - parties activate class identity, religious identity - based on how much support they gain. | |
− | + | Connections between voting and social predictors | |
+ | 1. socio-economic | ||
+ | 2. religion | ||
+ | 3. ethnicity | ||
− | + | Three fundamental processes by which associations are formed | |
+ | 1. Differentiation - look at a group (group B)and see that they are different than us. Since we do not believe that way, we must be something else (group A). | ||
+ | 2. Transmission - attention transmitted through authority figure to child (through friends, teachers, etc.) | ||
+ | 3. Contact - direct contact with other members of the social group. | ||
− | + | Challenges: | |
− | + | Dealignment / Realignment (shifts or dramatic changes in political alignments) | |
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− | Dealignment / Realignment | ||
Realigning elections in United States history | Realigning elections in United States history | ||
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1800 — Thomas Jefferson - Democratic-Republican Party (from the Federalist Party) | 1800 — Thomas Jefferson - Democratic-Republican Party (from the Federalist Party) | ||
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1828 — Andrew Jackson - Democratic Party | 1828 — Andrew Jackson - Democratic Party | ||
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1860 — Abraham Lincoln - Republican Party | 1860 — Abraham Lincoln - Republican Party | ||
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1896 — William McKinley - Republican Party (marked the beginning of the Progressive Era) | 1896 — William McKinley - Republican Party (marked the beginning of the Progressive Era) | ||
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1932 — Franklin Delano Roosevelt - Democrat (New Deal) | 1932 — Franklin Delano Roosevelt - Democrat (New Deal) | ||
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1964 - Lyndon B. Johnson - Democratic | 1964 - Lyndon B. Johnson - Democratic | ||
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1968 — Richard Nixon - Republican | 1968 — Richard Nixon - Republican | ||
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1980 — Ronald Reagan - Republican | 1980 — Ronald Reagan - Republican | ||
+ | Reasons for realignment: | ||
+ | class weakens | ||
+ | increase in education | ||
+ | greater amount of contact outside of our groups | ||
+ | secularization | ||
− | + | Other challenges: | |
− | + | New American Voter (from 1960's (published in 1970's)) | |
− | + | Vote more on issues instead of party | |
− | + | voters are sophisticated and more knowledgeable | |
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Class - service economy | Class - service economy | ||
+ | divide between public and private sector workers | ||
− | + | post materialism | |
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quality of life - environment, air quality, etc | quality of life - environment, air quality, etc | ||
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partisan identification | partisan identification | ||
− | + | Network Theory: | |
Who you are connected to, who you discuss politics with-- | Who you are connected to, who you discuss politics with-- | ||
− | + | Micro level (how individuals interact); Macro level would be something like "How does the middle class vote?"-- | |
− | + | Individuals weigh information they receive-- | |
− | + | Social groups are not together all the time-- | |
− | + | Strong ties vs. weak ties-- | |
− | + | Strong ties include marriage, children, friends (close and acquaintances)-- | |
− | + | Weak ties include how you might influence someone you do not know through another person | |
− | + | (Example: If person A is married to person B and person B works with person C, even though person A has never met person C, they influence one another through person B.)-- | |
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− | + | Chain of influences diminish quickly-- | |
+ | More influence over disagreements than though agreements |